Osteoid Osteoma

Causes

The exact cause of osteoid osteomas is unknown. However, it is believed to be caused by a mutation in a single gene. This mutation causes abnormal bone formation.

Diagnosis

Osteoid osteomas can be diagnosed with a variety of tests, including:

• X-rays: X-rays can show a characteristic appearance of an osteoid osteoma, which is a small, round lucency (clear spot) in the bone surrounded by a rim of dense bone.
• CT scans: CT scans can provide more detailed images of the osteoid osteoma and the surrounding bone.
• MRI scans: MRI scans can be used to help differentiate an osteoid osteoma from other bone tumors.

Treatment

Treatment for an osteoid osteoma is not always necessary, especially if the pain is mild. However, if the pain is severe or does not improve with NSAIDs, treatment may be needed. Treatment options include:

• Medication: NSAIDs can be used to help relieve pain.
• Surgery: Surgery to remove the osteoid osteoma is the most effective treatment for pain relief. There are two main types of surgery: open surgery and minimally invasive surgery. Open surgery involves making an incision in the skin and bone to remove the tumor. Minimally invasive surgery uses radiofrequency waves to heat and destroy the tumor.
• Radiofrequency ablation: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure that uses radiofrequency waves to heat and destroy the osteoid osteoma. RFA is a safe and effective treatment for osteoid osteomas (Click here to read more on RF ablation of osteoid osteomas)

Prognosis

The prognosis for osteoid osteoma is excellent. With treatment, most people with osteoid osteoma experience complete pain relief. Osteoid osteomas rarely recur (come back) after treatment.